Probably not. The difference between any human and any neanderthal is about twice as big as the biggest difference between two humans. One could now argue tha

Probably not. The difference between any human and any neanderthal is about twice as big as the biggest difference between two humans. One could now argue that if two differences in one thousand DNA bases constitutes different subspecies, then maybe one in a thousand does so, too, but at the very least it constitutes a different race. One could, and both thresholds would be arbitrary. Most biologists these days have decided that defining the terms "species" and "subspecies" properly is futile, and they stopped using the term "race" altogether. So... all differences are now officially unimportant. Neanderthals were humans, too! Sort of...