In this particular example, the "treatment" is implementation of ergonomic practices, and the "response" is worker productivity. If we divide a workplace into

In this particular example, the "treatment" is implementation of ergonomic practices, and the "response" is worker productivity. If we divide a workplace into two segments, there almost certainly will be some difference in worker productivity between the segments, having nothing to do with implementation of ergonomic practices and just having to do with the inherit variance of individual productivity contributing to the group. If the difference is productivity is large enough, you start thinking the ergonomic practices might have something to do with it. Statistics makes these principles more precise through concepts like statistical power, significance, and confidence intervals. Proper analysis of such an experiment would allow a company to compare the cost of the ergonomic processes with the benefit of the increased productivity attributable to those processes. This in turn would indeed allow them to make more money!