3 ms·
This is already being deployed in therapies today - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Checkpoint_inhibitor https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Checkpoint_inhibitor And i
by jfarlow 8y ago
This is already being deployed in therapies today - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Checkpoint_inhibitor https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Checkpoint_inhibitor
And it works well in conjunction with other therapies that guide or otherwise help the immune system find the cancer. In particular, a style of designer gene therapy just approved by the FDA, of which one is called a Chimeric Antigen Receptor - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimeric_antigen_receptor https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chimeric_antigen_receptor
These are in patients now, and curing people today.
If, for instance, the chimeric receptor (a designed synthetic cell-receptor) is able to enable immune cells to better sense the cancer, and that is coupled with the checkpoint inhibitors to prevent the cancer from disabling those immune cells, one's own immune cells will then be able to directly kill the cancer.
The checkpoint inhibitors (associated with the Nobel here), take the brakes off of the immune system. This can of course be dangerous, but generally one of cancer's first tricks it learns is how to apply those brakes to hide from detection. So by tuning down the sensitivity to the immune system's 'brake pedal', one's own immune system becomes more capable in fighting cancer.
- iskander 8y agoMaybe helpful for the HN crowd: the adaptive immune response typically prioritizes a low false positive rate. A developing cancer sneaks by as a false negative. Checkpoint blockade moves the immune system to a regime of higher sensitivity, at the expense of potentially lower specificity.
- teekert 8y agoYes, this. The side effects are not to be underestimated (they are similar to autoimmune disorders). Moreover, there are no good tests yet that can predict whether someone will respond. If someone does, it's sometimes spectacular but with all therapies from the field combined optimally, less than 40-50% responds (with single drugs it's around 10% I believe).