I would cautiously assume so— though I don’t know enough about the innards of iOS to say for sure. That is to say, my instinct is that it would be difficult (i

I would cautiously assume so— though I don’t know enough about the innards of iOS to say for sure. That is to say, my instinct is that it would be difficult (if not impossible) for the OS to extract meaningful data from, say, the Gmail app, if it’s communicating with its servers using end-to-end encryption. The OS might be able to see 3rd-party app calls and emails through the API which allows app data to appear in Spotlight search, but that’s at least a permission the user can revoke.