Tons of problems with costs... 1) Copper cables only go to 7m because attenuation is too high after 7m to recover signals at 10G/25G lanes, get ready for lower

Tons of problems with costs... 1) Copper cables only go to 7m because attenuation is too high after 7m to recover signals at 10G/25G lanes, get ready for lower length with 50G PAM4 2) Transceivers are free... no they are not fiber is one aspect of the cost but transceiver dominate 3) Missing Active Optical Cable (they are made of transceivers that do not quite meet the spec and made into a 'cable' with a fiber. These are now very important in saving costs