For the USG, it's currently authorized under Executive Order 12333 (https://www.archives.gov/federal-register/codification/executive-order/12333.html https://ww

For the USG, it's currently authorized under Executive Order 12333 (https://www.archives.gov/federal-register/codification/executive-order/12333.html https://www.archives.gov/federal-register/codification/execu...). Paragraph 2.1 states "2.1 Need. Accurate and timely information about the capabilities, intentions and activities of foreign powers, organizations, or persons and their agents is essential to informed decisionmaking in the areas of national defense and foreign relations. Collection of such information is a priority objective and will be pursued in a vigorous, innovative and responsible manner that is consistent with the Constitution and applicable law and respectful of the principles upon which the United States was founded."