Not garbage collected languages per se; it's languages where data structures can't be value types[1], consequently consuming large amounts of extra memory becau

Not garbage collected languages per se; it's languages where data structures can't be value types[1], consequently consuming large amounts of extra memory because everything sits behind 2 or 3 or 5 layers of unnecessary 8-byte pointers. [1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value_type_and_reference_type https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Value_type_and_reference_type