It's typically referred to as "general intelligence," or "g," and the reason this single value is significant is because of the strong correlations it has with

It's typically referred to as "general intelligence," or "g," and the reason this single value is significant is because of the strong correlations it has with other life outcomes. I don't think anyone claims it represents all intelligence, and presumably we could come up for numbers regarding other aspects of intelligence. It's just the best number we've got so far for what people are trying to measure.