It may be a matter of trust and practice. To overcome "intransparency" one may become an expert or trust expert(s) asserting that they did sufficient analysis

It may be a matter of trust and practice. To overcome "intransparency" one may become an expert or trust expert(s) asserting that they did sufficient analysis of the thing in question (here an algorithm) and are confident. In addition, with time, one sees that the thing does an apparently adequate job and doesn't produce so much patent problems. Such things are at first "feared" and rarely used, then gradually gain adoption/traction (benefiting from positive feedback). No one can fully understand the whole technical and organisational context of jetliners, but most of us use them because apparently competent and objective experts continuously check all this, and because problems appear to be rare. This approach may/will fail in catastrophic ways for various causes, either psy (one loses too much autonomy, and incentive) or systemic (the composition of various things may produce an inadequate system).