I had this same problem when I did projects in different disciplines of the university. As an outsider, with the same skill-set, you can look through some of th

I had this same problem when I did projects in different disciplines of the university. As an outsider, with the same skill-set, you can look through some of the wrong ideas of other departments. And it is hard to discuss some of those ideas, as they are often established within the specialization. The reasons why those wrong ideas have become established have more to do with tradition than actual science. And the reason why they were accepted, is because they matched some observations. Afterwards they were coincidence or cherry-picked, but often not recognized as such. And alternative theories were not needed nor supported, due to the internal culture. It is easy to compare it with programming problems. You can claim that your program works when you tested it for certain problems. But if no-one else is allowed to test your code, your program probably still has a lot of bugs. In some cases there is even a fundamental problem. They started with the wrong models in the first place, and/or misinterpreted certain observations. And from there they started growing new models on top of it. It is like programming code that started with the wrong abstractions. Most problems occur from theories that are developed without much practical experience. Sometimes even without any practical experience. A friend of mine is a computer-scientist who has almost no computer experience. I have heard many wrong ideas from him. If I want to talk about the problems, I will probably step on someone's toes. Causing anger and the belief that I am just misinformed or under educated. We like to project these problems onto psychology and such, but I can also find them in hard sciences. Let me pick one in hard physics. There are some theories in physics that model field-lines as real. While in reality, fields are always continuous. There are clearly some mistakes in one (or more) of the underlying theories.