> These aren't examples of just productionizing a PhD thesis His point is that sometimes research bears fruit, and sometimes it doesn't. All universities (in m

> These aren't examples of just productionizing a PhD thesis His point is that sometimes research bears fruit, and sometimes it doesn't. All universities (in my country) now have metrics for how much research must successfully bear commercial-fruit or else they lose funding from the government and the EU. As such, they have commercialisation pipelines that funnel viable commercial research into products. However, even these funding bodies don't expect that anything more than a fraction of research will be commercialisable. That isn't the point of research. > we've watched as many ML PhD graduates launch startups which are little more than an API wrapped around the key algorithm from their thesis. These startups nearly always fail, because they don't actually address a market need. Why do you care what someone does with their PhD research anyway?