So, if you don't just happen to know that the global variable "char foo[9]" currently contains a string that is 3 characters long, how would you concatenate "12

So, if you don't just happen to know that the global variable "char foo[9]" currently contains a string that is 3 characters long, how would you concatenate "1234" to it in place? I don't see any way without either double-fat pointers, or terminating NUL. Non-dynamic arrays of char is just supposed to be a simplistic representation of a sort of thing that one has occasion to want to do in C that doesn't seem to fit into the proposed model without going into "old C NUL-termination" mode, or a "keep track of the string's length yourself" scheme, either of which would seem to ruin the whole thing. Thus my claim that this single feature would be hard to graft onto C in a useful, upward-compatible way. It's fine to have a language where all strings are dynamically allocated on the heap, or have an immutable known length, but that's a non-starter in the existing C universe. The point isn't that doing things D's way isn't great; the point is that there's no reasonable way to put this feature into C. Every reasonable approach to string (and pointer) safety ends up being a new language: C#, Swift, Java, etc.