Note that I was referring to client/stub resolvers specifically. Last time I checked, it was rather uncommon for them to perform their own DNSSEC validation rat

Note that I was referring to client/stub resolvers specifically. Last time I checked, it was rather uncommon for them to perform their own DNSSEC validation rather than trusting the AD bit sent by their upstream resolver. In practice that means any MitM between you and your DNS resolver can spoof DNS regardless of DNSSEC status. DoH/DoT, on the other hand, mitigates this.