New Zealand is an interesting example, as NZ and Australia essentially have freedom of movement. Australia is a higher income nation than New Zealand, with ~25%

New Zealand is an interesting example, as NZ and Australia essentially have freedom of movement. Australia is a higher income nation than New Zealand, with ~25% higher GDP per capita. There are 650,000 NZ citizens in Australia, which is about 15% of the population of NZ. New Zealand has the second highest proportion of natural born citizens living abroad in the world, after Ireland [1]. The only reason that this arrangement works well is that New Zealand has a small population compared to Australia (5 million vs 25 million). If Australia had a lower income than New Zealand and 15% of Australians came to New Zealand, it would be chaos. New Zealand also has a large Polynesian population (but not freedom of movement). Once again, this arrangement works because the Pacific Island nations have a much smaller population than New Zealand. If you opened up immigration from India to the USA, you wouldn't see such a beneficial relationship, as there are 3 times as many people in India than the USA. [1] https://www.forbes.com/sites/niallmccarthy/2016/01/15/the-countries-with-the-most-native-born-people-living-abroad-infographic/#2ae536e67924 https://www.forbes.com/sites/niallmccarthy/2016/01/15/the-co...