Regarding pattern 3, I think the most correct way to do what the author proposes is to use Collections.EmptyList(). You get an immutable empty list, which by vi

Regarding pattern 3, I think the most correct way to do what the author proposes is to use Collections.EmptyList(). You get an immutable empty list, which by virtue of being immutable need only be allocated once. [1] https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/util/Collections.html#emptyList() https://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/util/Collecti...