One interesting counterexample: Bhutan. Open to all visitors, but they need to pay $200 per day for the privilege. This includes basic/3-star accommodation an

One interesting counterexample: Bhutan. Open to all visitors, but they need to pay $200 per day for the privilege. This includes basic/3-star accommodation and meals, you can opt to pay more if you wish and Aman has a string of resorts with $1000/night price tags if you do. Couple this with an authoritarian monarchy that does things like enforce local dress code by law, and you get most of the benefits of tourism without many of the downsides. Of course, it's debatable how well this model would adapt to tourist destinations that aren't obscure mountainous hermit kingdoms...