I'm not a C++ standard expert, but, here is my understanding: In C++, if you have a reference, it must refer to something. I'm not aware of any way to legally c

I'm not a C++ standard expert, but, here is my understanding: In C++, if you have a reference, it must refer to something. I'm not aware of any way to legally construct a reference that refers to NULL. Of course, we live in the real world, where, regardless of what the C++ standards say, anything is possible. A random bit-flip could cause the reference to refer to NULL. But, AFAIK, thats outside of the C++ standard.