I have no expertise in this area, but I came across this NASA resource which seems to fit with your goals: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) at NASA https

I have no expertise in this area, but I came across this NASA resource which seems to fit with your goals: Global Change Master Directory (GCMD) at NASA https://gcmd.nasa.gov/ https://gcmd.nasa.gov/ The GCMD holds more than 35,000 Earth science data set and service descriptions, which cover subject areas within the Earth and environmental sciences. The project mission is to assist researchers, policy makers, and the public in the discovery of and access to data, related services, and ancillary information (which includes descriptions of instruments and platforms) relevant to global change and Earth science research. Within this mission, the directory also offers online authoring tools to providers of data and services, facilitating the capability to make their products available to the Earth science community. In addition, citation information to properly credit data set contributions is offered, along with direct links to data and services. As an integral part of the project, keyword vocabularies have been developed and are constantly being refined and expanded.