Roughly, you can actually think of the mass of these fundamental particles being _defined_ by how much they interact with the Higgs field. Higgs bosons themselv

Roughly, you can actually think of the mass of these fundamental particles being _defined_ by how much they interact with the Higgs field. Higgs bosons themselves interact with the Higgs field, to an extent that their mass comes out to be ~125 GeV/c^2. Tau leptons interact with it less, so their mass is 1.7 GeV/c^2. The key point is that the strength of the interaction of any given particle type with the Higgs field is a totally arbitrary, free parameter of the theory that we only know by measuring those particles (with the exception of electroweak bosons, which have a constrained relationship with the Higgs due to electroweak symmetry). A very deep open question in physics is whether there is some more structured theory that explains exactly why these parameters have their values, or at least, how the parameters for different particles are related. As a side node, the proton actually gets almost none of its mass from the Higgs field! That's because the Higgs mechanism only gives mass to fundamental particles in the theory, and protons are made up of quarks and gluons bound together in a potential of the strong nuclear force. The quarks within a proton are very light, and the gluons are completely massless, so it is actually the binding energy of these particles that yields the effective mass of the proton (this is E=mc^2 at work).