3 ms·

Is this study referring to something other than braille, or is braille inclusive under "English Words Presented to the Skin".

• sova 8y ago
  "Previous studies have explored the role of training in the use of haptic devices. For example, a study concerned with the acquisition of Braille by sighted learners has demonstrated that a corresponding visual display was beneficial for the acquisition of haptic Braille [13]. This result suggests the use of a visual display in the current study, corresponding to the activation of vibrators on the tactual display. In addition, the efficacy of correct-answer feedback for perceptual learning tasks is well-established [14], indicating that correct-answer feedback should be employed in the learning procedure. With the phonemic-based tactual display designed for conveying English words, we consider two training approaches to training: phoneme-based and word-based [15]. The phoneme-based approach, which operates on a “bottom-up” theory of learning, concentrates on maximizing the individual’s ability to discriminate between and identify the individual sound patterns of speech [15]. The word-based approach is based on a “topdown” theory of learning. It bypasses the training of basic phoneme patterns and starts with words directly [15]. Previous studies of speech training have employed single or combined approaches [16-18]; however, these studies have not led to definitive conclusions for choosing one approach over another."
• twic 8y ago
  AIUI, the ultimate goal of this work is to present spoken, rather than written, words to the skin. The idea is that you can process spoken language into phonemes, and then present those to the skin, although in this study, the phonemes were generated directly. I assume that the belief is that it's more easier to reliably encode speech to phonemes in real time than it is to encode it to text.