Yes. It's been a couple of years, if others were doing the same, they would have been found by now. To recap, the fraud was specifically on "clean Diesel" that

Yes. It's been a couple of years, if others were doing the same, they would have been found by now. To recap, the fraud was specifically on "clean Diesel" that did not use AdBlue (urea filters that need replenishing more frequently than service intervals - a no-no by US regulations, apparently). And the specific fraud was ECU software that lowered efficiency to NOx compliant levels only while inside the time-speed profile of the short certification "test-run". (IEEE Spectrum had some pieces on it, e.g. https://spectrum.ieee.org/cars-that-think/transportation/advanced-cars/how-professors-caught-vw-cheating https://spectrum.ieee.org/cars-that-think/transportation/adv... ) P.S. There's more here, including suspicion of other manufacturer cases: https://arstechnica.com/cars/2017/05/volkswagen-bosch-fiat-diesel-emissions-cheats-cracked-open-in-new-research/ https://arstechnica.com/cars/2017/05/volkswagen-bosch-fiat-d...