The unions aren't the main reason, it's that the signal system in the NYC subway is decades old and won't allow automated trains. It needs to be upgraded, but t

The unions aren't the main reason, it's that the signal system in the NYC subway is decades old and won't allow automated trains. It needs to be upgraded, but that costs money that so far no one has been willing to spend. From what I understand, the L train is one of few that has the necessary upgrades, primarily because it doesn't really intersect with other lines, which makes it a lot easier to deploy. If I recall, the L functions with only one conductor when the other lines use two. I agree that the union could be more progressive and embrace change... but the big problem is money, and consequently, state politics.