Those are mostly solved, unevolving problems, meaning their R&D spend is a small fraction of the total budget. For example: in 2016, of the total FY2016 federa

Those are mostly solved, unevolving problems, meaning their R&D spend is a small fraction of the total budget. For example: in 2016, of the total FY2016 federal budget of $4T, only $145B is committed to R&D (3%) [1]. Compare that to the pharmaceutical industry average of 18% [2]. [1] https://www.aaas.org/fy16budget/federal-rd-fy-2016-budget-overview https://www.aaas.org/fy16budget/federal-rd-fy-2016-budget-ov... [2] https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/060115/how-much-drug-companys-spending-allocated-research-and-development-average.asp https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/060115/how-much-dru...