Having started off doing VB programming and now .Net and Javascript with some C mixed in this all seems like second nature to me. C# is somewhat more clear to

Having started off doing VB programming and now .Net and Javascript with some C mixed in this all seems like second nature to me. C# is somewhat more clear to me because it lets you do either, which VB kinda did too. The key point here is reference types vs value types, which is distinct from pass by reference and pass by value. Java is pass by value only with reference types and primitive value types. C# has reference types and value types and pass by value default with pass by reference optional. passing a reference type by reference is passing a pointer to a pointer. See: https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/programming-guide/classes-and-structs/passing-reference-type-parameters https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/dotnet/csharp/programming-g...