This is a deep topic but one good treatment of is in the works of David Deutsch: https://www.cs.indiana.edu/~dgerman/hector/deutsch.pdf https://www.cs.indiana.e

This is a deep topic but one good treatment of is in the works of David Deutsch: https://www.cs.indiana.edu/~dgerman/hector/deutsch.pdf https://www.cs.indiana.edu/~dgerman/hector/deutsch.pdf