Spotify was "forced" into IPO in a way: https://www.recode.net/2018/1/3/16847786/spotify-tpg-tencent-debt-dragoneer-ipo-music-streaming https://www.recode.net/2

Spotify was "forced" into IPO in a way: https://www.recode.net/2018/1/3/16847786/spotify-tpg-tencent-debt-dragoneer-ipo-music-streaming https://www.recode.net/2018/1/3/16847786/spotify-tpg-tencent... > In 2016, TPG, Dragoneer and Goldman Sachs lent Spotify $1 billion via convertible debt financing, which was supposed to give the lenders the ability to eventually turn their loans into equity. > The deal let Spotify bide its time before an IPO, but not too much time: The longer Spotify took to go public, the better the terms would get for the lenders. News emerged Wednesday that the company had confidentially filed IPO documents in late December.