Just so people know, these are generally known as 'complimentary' or 'covering' bids in the public procurement world. Market allocation agreements are also anot

Just so people know, these are generally known as 'complimentary' or 'covering' bids in the public procurement world. Market allocation agreements are also another heading that this would fall under in these specific examples. Those terms should give you a wealth of information about how and why these strategies work to conceal collusion between competitors.