Others here have offered some great suggestions already, so I will offer one a little off the beaten path: Foundations of Mathematics https://www.amazon.com/

Others here have offered some great suggestions already, so I will offer one a little off the beaten path: Foundations of Mathematics https://www.amazon.com/Foundations-Mathematics-Ian-Stewart/dp/019870643X/ref=br_lf_m_fa2gmqeu35du8k8_img?_encoding=UTF8&s=books https://www.amazon.com/Foundations-Mathematics-Ian-Stewart/d... This book is meant to help one transition from performing math in an algorithmic manner to generating proofs based on logic and also set theory.