This is briefly discussed in the article. “For example we know that the neural recordings of interest are a superposition of pulse-like events – the action pot

This is briefly discussed in the article. “For example we know that the neural recordings of interest are a superposition of pulse-like events – the action potentials – whose pulse shapes are described by just a few parameters. Under that statistical model for the signal one can develop algorithms that optimally estimate the spike times from noisy samples. This is a lively area of investigation.”