As countries develop both their birth rates and death rates decrease, but below replacement rate is a pretty strong statement. Population growth like this is mo

As countries develop both their birth rates and death rates decrease, but below replacement rate is a pretty strong statement. Population growth like this is modeled in the Demographic Transition Model and consists of 5 stages. Most developed nations fall in the fourth stage, with stable birth and death rates. The 5th stage is often debated, but a pretty good example would be Japan - a country with an aging population and low birth rates (learned about this in school several years ago though, not too sure how up to date)