I feel like all these estimates of "overpopulation" are massively overblown. These issues are almost entirely political/social. The capacity for Earth to hold

I feel like all these estimates of "overpopulation" are massively overblown. These issues are almost entirely political/social. The capacity for Earth to hold humans is massive. Currently only a tiny sliver of the surface has people on it and if that becomes a problem we can build vertically (up and down). We're barely capturing relatively free energy such as sunlight, wind, geothermal, and tidal. Think of how much of the Sahara isn't a solar energy production plant. If the labor of 1 human can feed at least 2 people you can have a society. With technology 1 human can work to feed thousands if not millions with increased automation. Food production can be fully automated with the ambition to. The only real bound of food production if you consider vertical hydroponic farming alongside nuclear and freeish energy, is the amount of nutrients plants and insects require to produce adequate amounts of human nutrition. Virtually all plant nutrients have evolved to be highly recyclable through natural processes, most of which can by accelerated with technology.