It's more general than that, and also Price and Wharton don't entirely agree with Cramer about what needs to be proved, but it's similar, yes. It's inferior to

It's more general than that, and also Price and Wharton don't entirely agree with Cramer about what needs to be proved, but it's similar, yes. It's inferior to the Transactional theory in one way, which is that Cramer's exposition of his theory comes with pictures of elephants.