The key thing for these diets is the ratios of Carb/Fat/Protien : In the HLF vs HLC diets, respectively, the mean 12-month macronutrient distributions were 48%

The key thing for these diets is the ratios of Carb/Fat/Protien : In the HLF vs HLC diets, respectively, the mean 12-month macronutrient distributions were 48% vs 30% for carbohydrates, 29% vs 45% for fat, and 21% vs 23% for protein. Both of those diets seem fairly balanced. A typical ketogenic diet (high-fat, low-carb) is usually < 10% calories from carbohydrates, 20-30% from protein (depending on exercise) and 60-75% fat calories. It seems unlikely any of the HLC participants would have gotten into ketosis, so I don't see this study as being relevant to the current debate over the efficacy of ketogenic diets.