1. They developed tools to synthesize side channel exploits based on an architectural model + threat model. 2. They developed distinct variants of Spectre and

1. They developed tools to synthesize side channel exploits based on an architectural model + threat model. 2. They developed distinct variants of Spectre and Meltdown that use remote cache line invalidation (activity on core 1 can cause lines in core 2 to be evicted!) as the side channel. 3. Curent software mitigation of Spectre and Meltdown appear to be effective at mitigating these new variants 4. But future hardware mitigiations risk being too closely directed at changing the observable behavior of the local cache. If they neglect observable behavior of cache in another core, the hardware mitigations will be ineffective.