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Telugu is my native language. Here's how I learnt it. There's two types of letters. One type is used as an addendum to the other type. The first type are calle
by ktta 9y ago
Telugu is my native language. Here's how I learnt it.
There's two types of letters. One type is used as an addendum to the other type. The first type are called vowels and the second consonants (I'd say that's mischaracterization but whatever). In this[1] picture, the top half of the alphabets are the type which are the addendum part, and the bottom part are the 'primary' ones.
So how it goes is that one of the bottom always comes with one on the top. Most often it tends to be the very first vowel, which is pronounced 'a:', and it is the default way letters are learnt(pronunciation chart[2] for each of the vowels).
So each of the consonants (the bottom part) can be used with any one on the top. Let's take the very first consonant. It is pronounced 'ka'(because by default, consonants are accompanied with the first 'vowel' which is 'a:'). Now, lets take a look at the the bottom part of picture [2]. That same consonant is pronounced differently when accompanied with each of the first one. For example: kaa, kee, kuu, etc. The first half the the pronunciation is the same, but the second half, is replaced which whatever vowel's symbol is attached as an addendum. Also notice the the center part of the alphabet hardly changes visually between changes in vowels.
Not to throw a lot at once, but there's another part. Each of the consonants can again be used as addendum to any other consonant (which always comes with a vowel). Take a look at this[3]. Notice the little tick at the top you saw in [2] is still there? That picture contains the letters 'ka', which each of the consonants being tacked on. The vowel is always still there. That's because, as I said consonants always come with a vowel attached. The consonant addendum is optional though.
Congratulations, you can now pronounce (almost all of) Telugu (and almost any Devanagari script using this same play book). It is because these scripts are deterministic, and there is a single pronunciation unlike English and many other languages.
[1]:https://www.telugucorner.com/images/aksharamulu.jpg https://www.telugucorner.com/images/aksharamulu.jpg
[2]: https://www.omniglot.com/images/writing/telugu_vwl.gif https://www.omniglot.com/images/writing/telugu_vwl.gif
[3]: https://www.omniglot.com/images/writing/telugu_conjuncts.gif https://www.omniglot.com/images/writing/telugu_conjuncts.gif
- Manishearth 9y ago> Congratulations, you can now pronounce (almost all of) Telugu (and almost any Devanagari script using this same play book). It is because these scripts are deterministic, and there is a single pronunciation unlike English and many other languages. weeeellllll, not exactly. For example, spoken Marathi differs considerably from written Marathi, with vowels turning into other vowels, etc. My favorite example is the word लहान which is spelled "lahaan" but is often pronounced pronounced "lhaan" OR "laahaan". Almost all Indic language experience schwa deletion -- you will say the word "kanpur" with no vowel between the n and p even though it is spelled "kanapur". Anusvars have a range of pronunciations that depend on the word being used -- they can nasalize a vowel, or add a nasal consonant like n or m. However, these scripts are definitely way more phonetically consistent than English. These differences are minor.
- ktta 9y agoI would say the reason is due to people changing the pronunciation over time rather than it being part of the actual grammar. Take for example Hyderabad. Looking at the Hindi spelling, it should be pronounced Hy-der-aa-bad. But it it pronounced more like Hai-dra-bad. What I'm saying is that people made those changes which we got so used to in our day to day lives that most now regard them as the 'correct' pronunciation, but it isn't how they were supposed to be.
- Manishearth 9y agoThis isn't any different from what happens to pronunciation in English. The difference between English and Indic languages is simply that this has happened a lot more with English (also English kinda gets its words from all over the place) Pronunciation changes over time. Things which may have been highly phonetic may lose this property over time.