One path to a SPA that supports all those features without implementing them, and is also "progressive" (i.e., the first request comes from the server so that i

One path to a SPA that supports all those features without implementing them, and is also "progressive" (i.e., the first request comes from the server so that it's fast even on mobile, and search engines and non-javascript browsers are supported) would be: - Implement a non-SPA web app in Node.js - Include (parts of) the server-side code in a Service Worker. That way, after the SW is installed, the SW would handle requests instead of the server. - Polyfill the missing parts. For example, you could polyfill the database to store updates when offline and sync them later. Maybe you could make a framework where you can share code between Node.js and the Service Worker, similarly to how you can do server-side React today.