To elaborate a bit: CFOP (aka Fridrich method but that name is dicouraged) stands for Cross, First 2 layers (aka F2L), Orientation of the last layer and Permuta

To elaborate a bit: CFOP (aka Fridrich method but that name is dicouraged) stands for Cross, First 2 layers (aka F2L), Orientation of the last layer and Permutation of the last layer. The first two steps can be done intuitively without the need to memorize any algorithms (unless you want to learn a few for a handful of trickier F2L cases). Algorithms come for the last two steps which both involve the last layer. First step, OLL is to make so that the last face is the same color. I.e. if you started with the white cross, in OLL you need to orient each cubelet so that yellow side is on the top. If you want to do that in one step you need to learn 57 algorithms—one for each possible position. Then comes PLL, which is moving cubelets so that they are positioned in correct places. To do this in single step you will need 21 more algorithm. So that's a total of the 78 algorithms for the last layer. If you are not willing to learn that many you can go by using what's called four-look-last-layer (4LLL) for you use a couple of steps to solve OLL and a couple of steps to solve PLL. One step solves orientation/permutation of edges, another—corners. For OLL you can get by with just 10 algorithms: 3 for edges, 7 for corners, and for PLL you need 6 more—3 for edges, 4 for corners. So 16 instead of 78.