> [Kotlin] does not overlay Java like e.g. Groovy does Apache Groovy 1.x was dynamically typed only, and focused on scripting and glue code for the JVM and syn

> [Kotlin] does not overlay Java like e.g. Groovy does Apache Groovy 1.x was dynamically typed only, and focused on scripting and glue code for the JVM and syntactic compat with java, so could be said to "overlay Java". Since Groovy 2.0 however, it changed tack with static typing targeted for Android development, not keeping up with syntax changes in Java such as lambdas from Java 8, and tried to compete with Java instead of complementing it. It no longer "overlays Java", and in fact lost out to Kotlin and Scala in its effort to compete with Java. Groovy should have stuck to its knitting instead of changing direction every few years.