I've been wondering whether it could be possible to create a formal language through which one is capable of expressing ideas and facts about the world around u

I've been wondering whether it could be possible to create a formal language through which one is capable of expressing ideas and facts about the world around us rather than values and variables as is the case for programming language. For humorous effect people sometimes write things like if ( !food ) goToStore(); -- could it be possible to formalize such constructs? If the language is formal, then the author's output can be run through a post-processor that re-formulates the expression such that superfluous data, if any, is removed to make stylographic characteristics disappear, akin to, and maybe using the same foundations as the reduction of mathematical equations into a bare minimal set of symbols. Furthermore, a mathematical approach to reasoning about real-world concepts is interesting. Computational philosophy? Tangentially related to this topic (ulterior fingerprinting), I wonder whether websites like Twitter might be encoding your IP address or account ID in pixels on your screen (so subtle that it's impossible to discern with the naked eye) to make it easy to track screenshots back to you.