re #2: Overdraft fees are only opt-in for certain classes of transactions, namely ATM and non-recurring debit transactions. Checks, ACH transfers, and recurrin

re #2: Overdraft fees are only opt-in for certain classes of transactions, namely ATM and non-recurring debit transactions. Checks, ACH transfers, and recurring debit transactions can still generate overdraft fees without an opt-in consent. re #4: The networks pulls the trigger, but the standing orders come from the issuing institutions. Fraud detection is often used as a differentiation feature by the networks to attract bank customers, the networks themselves don't have a direct incentive to prevent fraudulent transactions beyond this: they don't stand to take a loss.