I'm not arguing that colonialism is positive for indigenous peoples, but it's also not the cause of all ills, either, so if you make a claim that xyz unrelated-

I'm not arguing that colonialism is positive for indigenous peoples, but it's also not the cause of all ills, either, so if you make a claim that xyz unrelated-seeming ill is caused by colonialism (it sounded like obesity, in this case), I was just saying that it'd be great if you could back it up with some sort of reasoning rather than leaving it hanging out there. And with regard to those fines, it sounds like they took control of mining in 1967, almost 40 years before the supplies ran dry. Given that amount of time, and that they had the resources to a) levy no taxes on their citizens and b) provide a UBI, I think that's enough time to at least share in the responsibility for whatever situation they currently find themselves in.