It's a mix of upfront costs and per-chip royalties, with upfront costs for the IP being in the millions. Here's a somewhat accurate article on the topic: https

It's a mix of upfront costs and per-chip royalties, with upfront costs for the IP being in the millions. Here's a somewhat accurate article on the topic: https://www.anandtech.com/show/7112/the-arm-diaries-part-1-how-arms-business-model-works/2 https://www.anandtech.com/show/7112/the-arm-diaries-part-1-h...