That's a bit like saying we don't have food that doesn't cause obesity. What is your definition of safe? what is your definition of effecitve? If a person turns

That's a bit like saying we don't have food that doesn't cause obesity. What is your definition of safe? what is your definition of effecitve? If a person turns up to the emergency department in severe pain from trauma, I can safely relieve their pain without endangering their life, that is both safe and effective. If an elderly person with arthritis of the knees is on 3x daily 1330mg Paracetamol SR for months and months, that is both safe and effective. Paracetamol/Acetaminophen has an incredible safety profile - in people who use it responsibly and don't have liver disease. It is, after all and as you are obviously well aware, responsible for the highest number of ED presentations for overdose, and it does kill a number of people each year. But that's a mental health issue, and you can overdose on Water (or food, as I indicate in opening paragraph), and die. For people who take it responsibly and without intent for suicide, it is incredibly safe and effective. Same with ibuprofen - although with the proviso of Do not take for more than several days. But, the same could also be said of opiates - safe for short periods. it's chronic use that will cause problems in lots of cases (ie. add in benzos as well)