>blame rests with Islam and Mayans for the loss of this knowledge. They restricted and locked up their scientific knowledge, to the point of not having backups,

>blame rests with Islam and Mayans for the loss of this knowledge. They restricted and locked up their scientific knowledge, to the point of not having backups, and then their point of control over that knowledge got destroyed, along with all the knowledge. Woah there that’s harsh. You can’t judge a civilisation based on how much they back-up their knowledge - much of the survival is based on luck, like how fortunately the Rosetta Stone was written in stone and not papyrus. I would argue that the acquired knowledge did survive ... through Europe! It’s also incorrect to say that the Muslim civilisation was closed. It flourished because it was open (with some restrictions for sure), for Muslims and non-Muslims, and there was genuine passion for knowledge in general (hence non-religious activities such as scientific endeavours and preserving Ancient Greek works.) Many of the scholars were in fact non-Muslim and non-Arab.