tl;dr: * Recent scholarship on the 'co-construction' of users and technology emphasizes the role of users in defining, modifying, redesigning, and resisting ne

tl;dr: * Recent scholarship on the 'co-construction' of users and technology emphasizes the role of users in defining, modifying, redesigning, and resisting new technologies ... * (In the US), users (were civilians and) ... redefined the ARPANET ... (from) ... its initial purpose as a resource sharing tool ... (into) ... a venue of communication ..., when email service emerged as a 'smash hit.' * (In the USSR), individual ministries ... (appropriated) ... the role of primary users of management information systems ... and ... transformed the original concept of a national network into a patchwork of ministry-subordinated data banks, ... (transforming) ... the tool ... from a vehicle of reform into a pillar of the status quo.