But how many of those languages include substantial innovation? To me they seem to be mostly rehashing existing technology with slight cosmetic tweaks in order

But how many of those languages include substantial innovation? To me they seem to be mostly rehashing existing technology with slight cosmetic tweaks in order to serve the profit interests and ego of their creators. Now, whatever innovation this proliferation of languages may bring, it also brings fragmentation which acts as a counter-weight on the value created for the industry as a whole. Whether the net effect is positive or negative is very difficult to tell.