How is Fairchild Semiconductor so different from PayPal? Both have insanely influential and successful alumni. I could have picked General Magic (Pierre Omidyar

How is Fairchild Semiconductor so different from PayPal? Both have insanely influential and successful alumni. I could have picked General Magic (Pierre Omidyar, Andy Rubin, ...) but they are less well known. How is Bell Labs so different from Google X? How is Bell Labs any different from IBM San Jose Research (SQL, photoresists, Gray+Agrawal, relational databases, reliable databases, ...)