I suspect we would need to practically out-law personal driving during rush-hours to make public transit attractive. Or apply a massive fee for driving in rush-

I suspect we would need to practically out-law personal driving during rush-hours to make public transit attractive. Or apply a massive fee for driving in rush-hours. Then you would, however, have so little traffic and so many users that transit could be made nice. But these things are politically impossible, and never really attempted.