All of the above (except lower costs, not a thing for anything in Australia). In particular, in essentially all (non-chain-fast-food) restaurants where you can

All of the above (except lower costs, not a thing for anything in Australia). In particular, in essentially all (non-chain-fast-food) restaurants where you can get a meal for less than $10, nobody is making award rates. If you're lucky the staff is family, if not they're exploiting students or illegal immigrants.