I used to run into this regularly as well, usually with gpg-agent refusing to work. I recently switched to a 4C Nano, which made it quite cumbersome to pull the

I used to run into this regularly as well, usually with gpg-agent refusing to work. I recently switched to a 4C Nano, which made it quite cumbersome to pull the key, so I looked into it and found out that reloading gpg-agent does the trick as well. I use this alias to do that quickly: alias gpgpls='gpg-connect-agent reloadagent /bye' I haven't needed to pull the key since. I'm on macOS and use gpg-agent, U2F and yubioath-desktop.